Indigenous Peoples have created and performed traditional stories, dances, and songs for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans. It was not until the 17th century when the first recorded European-style theatre production took place in Quebec, presented by priests. During the 19th century, theatre in Canada flourished, with the rise of touring productions, local companies, and theatres. However, most productions were influenced by British and American styles, with little focus on Canadian stories or themes.

French theater dates back to the 12th century, which is when the idea of performing arts for the purposes of entertainment rather than just for religious reasons was starting to emerge. Most initial plays were written in Latin. The first theatre in France was constructed in 1641.